Which atypical antipsychotic is known for having a high risk of hyperprolactinemia?

The atypical antipsychotic that is known for having a high risk of hyperprolactinemia is Risperidone. Hyperprolactinemia is a condition characterized by elevated levels of prolactin in the blood, which can lead to various side effects, including galactorrhea, amenorrhea, and sexual dysfunction.

Risperidone has a higher affinity for the serotonin 2A receptor but also blocks dopamine D2 receptors more effectively than some other atypical antipsychotics. This blockade of dopamine in the tuberoinfundibular pathway is significant because dopamine typically inhibits prolactin secretion. Therefore, the increased dopamine blockade leads to elevated prolactin levels and the associated risks of hyperprolactinemia.

While other atypical antipsychotics can cause increased prolactin levels, Risperidone is particularly noted for this adverse effect, making it a key concern when prescribing this medication. Understanding this risk is essential for monitoring patients and managing side effects effectively in psychiatric practice.