What is characteristic of panic disorder?

The defining feature of panic disorder is the experience of recurrent and unexpected panic attacks, which are periods of intense fear or discomfort. These attacks are characterized by a range of physical and cognitive symptoms that can include palpitations, shortness of breath, dizziness, and feelings of impending doom. A key aspect of panic attacks is that they peak rapidly, typically reaching their maximum intensity within 10 minutes. This sudden onset of intense fear is what distinguishes panic disorder from other anxiety disorders.

In contrast, persistent depressive episodes relate more to mood disorders rather than panic disorder. Feeling overwhelmed by daily responsibilities is more indicative of generalized anxiety disorder or burnout rather than panic disorder specifically. Excessive social avoidance may be associated with social anxiety disorder, which focuses primarily on the fear of social interactions and situations. In summary, the intense fear or discomfort that peaks within a short timeframe is precisely what characterizes a panic attack, making it the hallmark symptom of panic disorder.