What is a potential consequence of vomiting associated with bulimia?

Vomiting associated with bulimia can lead to hypokalemia, which is a condition characterized by low levels of potassium in the bloodstream. This occurs because when a person vomits, they not only expel food but also significant amounts of stomach acids and electrolytes, including potassium. Potassium is crucial for the normal functioning of muscle cells, including the heart. Severe hypokalemia can cause various symptoms, including muscle weakness, arrhythmias, and potentially life-threatening conditions.

The other options do not directly relate to the consequences of vomiting in bulimia. Increased calcium levels may occur due to various metabolic or endocrine issues but are not typically associated with vomiting. Hypertension is more commonly seen in other contexts and is not a direct consequence of the vomiting observed in bulimia. Weight gain is generally the opposite concern for someone with bulimia, as the disorder often involves cycles of bingeing and purging that lead to weight fluctuations rather than consistent weight gain. Thus, hypokalemia is a significant and recognized consequence of vomiting in the context of bulimia nervosa.