What does the acronym 'I WATCH DEATH' relate to?

The acronym 'I WATCH DEATH' is a mnemonic used to remember the various causes of delirium, which is an acute state of confusion and cognitive impairment. Each letter in the acronym corresponds to a specific potential cause of delirium:

• I: Infections

• W: Withdrawal

• A: Acute metabolic

• T: Trauma

• C: CNS pathology (such as strokes or seizures)

• H: Hypoxia

• D: Endocrine (such as thyroid issues)

• E: Acute vascular (issues with blood flow)

• A: Toxins (including drug effects)

• T: Heavy metals

• H: Hydration status (dehydration)

Understanding this acronym is crucial for clinicians as it helps in the rapid identification of potential underlying factors contributing to a patient’s delirious state, facilitating prompt management and treatment. Recognizing these causes enables healthcare providers to effectively address the medical and psychological needs associated with delirium, especially in vulnerable populations.