What disorder is characterized by at least six months of losing temper and arguing with adults?

The disorder characterized by at least six months of losing temper and arguing with adults is Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). ODD is primarily diagnosed in children and adolescents, and it manifests through a pattern of angry, irritable mood, argumentative behavior, and defiance towards authority figures. The behaviors associated with ODD are often evident in the child's interactions with parents, teachers, and other adults, which aligns with the descriptor of arguing and losing temper frequently.

The requirement of a duration of at least six months is significant, as it distinguishes ODD from typical developmental behaviors that might arise in children. The persistent nature of these behaviors points to challenges in emotional regulation and interaction with authority, which are central to the diagnosis of ODD.

In contrast, Social Anxiety Disorder focuses on intense fear or anxiety in social situations and does not specifically involve temper issues. Conduct Disorder involves more serious violations of societal norms and rights of others, often including aggressive behavior but is not purely defined by argumentative interactions with authority. Paranoid Personality Disorder is characterized by pervasive distrust and suspicion of others rather than anger towards adults. Thus, Oppositional Defiant Disorder is the most fitting diagnosis for the described behaviors.