What class of drugs is first-line for the treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)?

The first-line treatment for Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). SSRIs are favored in the management of GAD due to their efficacy in reducing anxiety symptoms, improving mood, and their overall safety profile. They work by increasing levels of serotonin in the brain, a neurotransmitter that plays a key role in regulating mood and anxiety.

Clinical studies have shown that SSRIs can significantly improve anxiety symptoms and are generally well tolerated, with a side effect profile that is more manageable compared to other classes of medications. Moreover, SSRIs have a lower risk of dependency than benzodiazepines and do not carry the risk of hypertensive crises associated with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs).

While beta-blockers and benzodiazepines may be used in specific situations to address anxiety symptoms, especially in acute settings, they are not the first-line treatment for GAD. Benzodiazepines, for example, can lead to tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal issues, making them less suitable for long-term management.