What are the main risk factors associated with Clozapine (Clozaril)?

Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic that is particularly well-known for its efficacy in treatment-resistant schizophrenia. One of the most significant risk factors associated with Clozapine is the potential for agranulocytosis, which is a severe reduction in white blood cells that can lead to serious infections. This risk necessitates regular monitoring of a patient’s white blood cell count, particularly during the initial months of therapy.

While Clozapine is associated with lower rates of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) and tardive dyskinesia compared to other antipsychotics, this does not diminish the importance of monitoring for agranulocytosis. The lower incidence of EPS is another reason why Clozapine is often favored for patients who cannot tolerate other antipsychotics.

The other mentioned options do not align as closely with the primary concerns tied to Clozapine usage. High EPS and tardive dyskinesia are commonly associated with typical antipsychotics rather than Clozapine. Though sedation can occur, it is not as prominent a risk for seizures. Additionally, while weight gain and metabolic syndrome are important side effects for many antipsychotics, they are particularly significant with some other atypical agents rather than being